生產性服務業(yè):發(fā)展態(tài)勢、存在的問題及高質量發(fā)展政策思路

摘要： 生產性服務業(yè)的改造提升和優(yōu)化升級,是中國經濟高質量發(fā)展的內在要求。當前,研發(fā)設計服務業(yè)"量質齊增",已成為中國經濟高質量發(fā)展的重要引擎;物流服務業(yè)發(fā)展迅猛,在企業(yè)生產和居民生活中的重要性日益凸顯;金融服務業(yè)通過提供融資支持,有力促進了經濟社會的良性發(fā)展;信息技術服務和電子商務飛速發(fā)展,"數(shù)字+"成為產業(yè)升級的重要實現(xiàn)渠道;租賃和商務服務業(yè)業(yè)態(tài)更加豐富,是促進產業(yè)轉型升級的重要力量;服務外包規(guī)模持續(xù)攀升,業(yè)務覆蓋范圍不斷擴展;職業(yè)教育方興未艾,提升了中國人力資源的整體水平。但是,中國生產性服務業(yè)依然存在著國際競爭力羸弱、對外開放水平較低、與其他產業(yè)的融合力度不強、在全球價值鏈中的地位不高等問題。對此,提出了應進一步夯實生產性服務業(yè)發(fā)展的基礎,對標國際標準推進服務業(yè)供給側結構性改革,把生產性服務與制造業(yè)融合發(fā)展作為主攻方向,把提升服務貿易國際競爭力作為關鍵抓手,抓住機會提升生產性服務業(yè)全方位對外開放水平等政策建議。
The upgrading and optimization of the productive service industry is the inherent requirement of high-quality development of China's economy. Currently,the quantity and quality of R&D and design service industry both increased,and it has become an important engine for the high-quality development of China's economy. The logistics service industry is developing rapidly,and its importance in enterprise production and residents' life is increasingly prominent. The financial services industry has vigorously promoted the sound development of the economy and society by providing financing support. With the rapid development of information technology services and e-commerce,"Digital + "has become an important channel for industrial upgrading.Leasing and business services industry is more abundant,and it is an important force in promoting industrial transformation and upgrading. The scale of service outsourcing continues to rise and business coverage continues to expand. Vocational education is on the rise and has raised the overall level of China's human resources. However,China's productive service industry still has problems such as weak international competitiveness,low level of openness,weak integration with other industries,and low status in global value chain. In this regard,the following policy recommendations are proposed. The foundation of the development of productive service industry should be further strengthened. The supply-side structural reform should be promoted against the standard international standards. The integration development of productive service industry and manufacturing industry should be the main objective. The improvement of international competitiveness of service trade should be the key breakthrough and the opportunity should be taken to raise the all-dimensional opening up level of the productive service industry.