化工企業(yè)成批燒傷患者致傷因素與防范措施

摘要： 目的分析寧蒙周邊化工企業(yè)成批燒傷患者致傷因素,探討早期救治方法與應(yīng)對(duì)措施。方法將2007年1月至2011年11月收治的9～21例/批的成批燒傷患者12批共195例,按組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo),合理分類(lèi),行預(yù)防性氣管切開(kāi),全身與局部治療,手術(shù)植皮等方法治療。深入化工企業(yè)對(duì)12000余人做自救、逃生、轉(zhuǎn)送的專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)培訓(xùn),提出了相應(yīng)的應(yīng)對(duì)措施。結(jié)果本組病例治愈186例(治愈率95.36%);死亡9例(死亡率4.61%)。經(jīng)過(guò)培訓(xùn)的企業(yè)發(fā)生群體和個(gè)體燒傷時(shí),現(xiàn)場(chǎng)均能正確施救與轉(zhuǎn)送。結(jié)論對(duì)成批燒傷患者早期執(zhí)行預(yù)定救治方案處理,可提高救治成功率,經(jīng)過(guò)專(zhuān)業(yè)培訓(xùn)的工人、干部均能在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)正確開(kāi)展施救與轉(zhuǎn)送,為到院救治贏得了寶貴時(shí)間。
Objective To analyze the wounding factors for mass burn in the chemical industries along Ningxia and Mongolia Region and to explore the first aid measures and countermeasures.Methods Between Jan.,2007 and Nov., 2011,195 patients in 12 accidents affecting 9～12 patients each were classified properly following the leader' s instruction. The preventive tracheotomy,systemic and topical treatment,surgical skin grafting and other interventions were performed to rescue the patients.Professional knowledge trainings on self-rescue,escape,transferring were given to more than 12000 staffs of the chemical industries,during which corresponding countermeasures were proposed.Results Among the 195 patients, 186 were cured with a curative rate of 95.36%and 9 died with a mortality of 4.61%.After the trainings,mass and individual burn victims of the chemical industries can perform the correct first aid and transferring immediately on the spot. Conclusion Early-time performance of the scheduled rescue plan on mass burn can improve work efficiency and the trained staff in the chemical industries can carry out the correct first aid and transferring measures on the spot,which can help win much more precious time for hospital rescue and treatment.